基于中国全球陆面气温(C-LSAT)和扩展重建海面温度版本6(ERSSTv6,Huang et al.,2025)融合的中国全球合并地表温度(CMST)显示,2024年的全球平均地表温度(GMST)比2023年高0.08℃,再次打破极端,成为有记录以来最热的一年(下图)。根据通常的评估,2024年相对于工业化前水平的变暖幅度达到1.51℃(如果使用另一个全球海面温度数据集HadSST4,这个值甚至可能超过1.6℃)。
根据我们之前的评估(Li Q. et al,2023),作为工业化前温度基准的1850年至1900年的估计全球平均温度略高(0.1-0.2℃),GMST正在迅速向2.0℃的温度控制目标迈进。
References
ERSSTv6:
Huang B., Yin X.,Boyer T., et al,2025, ExtendedReconstructed Sea Surface Temperature Version 6 (ERSSTv6): Part I. AnArtificial Neural Network Approach, J. Climate, online,DOI 10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0707.1.
C-LSAT&CMAT:
Sun W, Li Q*, Huang B,Dong W, Wang X, Zhai P and Phil Jones, 2021. The assessment of global surfacetemperature change from 1850s: the C-LSAT2.0 ensemble and the CMST-Interimdatasets, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 38, 875-888, DOI: 10.1007/s00376-021-1012-3.
Li Q, Sun W, Yun X,Huang B, Dong W, Wang X, Zhai P and Phil Jones, 2021, An updated evaluation ofthe global mean Land Surface Air Temperature and Surface Temperature trendsbased on CLSAT and CMST, Climate Dynamics, 56: 635-650, DOI:10.1007/s00382-020-05502-0
Li Z., Sun W., Liang C.,Xing X., Li Q*. Arctic warming trends and their uncertainties based on surfacetemperature reconstruction under different sea ice extent scenarios. Adv. Clim.Change Res.2023,14: 335-346.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2023.06.003.
Li Q., Li Z., Li X., etal, 2023, Constraining the global mean surface temperature during 1850-1900with new statistical physical model, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.04465.